Application of Foot Exercise Therapy on Blood Glucose Levels in Older Adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Bandar Lampung

Abstrak

Diabetes mellitus (DM) type II is a major health concern among older adults, requiring continuous management to prevent complications. Physical activity is an important component of diabetes care, and foot exercise has been proposed as a simple, inexpensive, and accessible alternative. This study aimed to compare the effect of foot exercise and brisk walking on random blood glucose levels in older adults with type II DM. A quasi-experimental design with a pre- and post-test control group was conducted involving 100 respondents. Participants were divided into two groups: the intervention group performed foot exercise for 15–30 minutes daily, while the control group performed brisk walking for the same duration over one week. Random blood glucose levels were measured before and after the interventions using standardized procedures. Both interventions significantly reduced random blood glucose levels. However, foot exercise demonstrated a greater mean reduction compared to brisk walking, as indicated by paired t-test analysis. Foot exercise can be recommended as a practical and effective complementary therapy for older adults with type II diabetes mellitus, especially for those with limited mobility or time. Incorporating this simple activity into daily routines may support improved diabetes self-management.