Nurses’ and Caregivers’ Experiences of Virgin Coconut Oil Perianal Care in Children with Diarrhea: A Phenomenological Study in Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract

Diarrhea in children frequently leads to increased bowel movements resulting in perianal skin irritation, discomfort, and potential infection. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), with its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, is gaining attention as a natural topical treatment to alleviate such irritation. This phenomenological case study explores the lived experiences of seven nurses and caregivers administering VCO perianal care for children with diarrhea at RSHD Bengkulu, Indonesia, in 2024. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and observations, and analyzed using thematic methods to capture the essence of participants’ experiences. The findings indicate that VCO application effectively improved skin integrity and reduced irritation, contributing to enhanced patient comfort. Participants noted challenges, including initial child resistance and the necessity for caregiver education on appropriate application techniques and hygiene maintenance. Positive caregiver-patient interactions and comprehensive training increased confidence and adherence to perianal care practices. Thematic analysis revealed important aspects such as the natural efficacy of VCO, the holistic benefit to child well-being, and the critical role of thorough caregiver support and education in successful care implementation. This study offers valuable insights into integrating natural products like VCO into pediatric nursing care and emphasizes the need for tailored strategies to manage child cooperation during care. The results can inform clinical protocols and family education programs aiming to provide effective, culturally appropriate, and child-friendly interventions for managing perianal irritation in pediatric diarrhea cases.