The Effect of Assertive Skills Training and the Anti-Bullying Snakes and Ladders Game on Increasing Assertive Attitudes in Efforts to Prevent Bullying at SMPN 12 Bengkulu City

Abstract

Bullying is a deviant behavior that often occurs during early adolescence, especially in school environments. Its impact is not only physical but also affects students’ psychological well-being, such as lowering self-esteem and increasing anxiety. Assertive behavior and the use of the anti-bullying snakes and ladders game can help improve students’ attitudes toward bullying and create a safe, positive school environment. This study aims to determine the effect of assertive skills training and the anti-bullying snakes and ladders game on improving assertive attitudes as an effort to prevent bullying at SMPN 12 Bengkulu City. This study employed a pre-experimental design using the one-group pretest–posttest method. The sample was selected through a stratified random sampling technique, involving a total of 57 participants. The instruments used included a questionnaire to assess assertive attitudes and an observation sheet for letter content. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The analysis results showed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in students’ assertive behavior before and after the intervention. Assertive training and the anti-bullying snakes and ladders game were found to have a positive effect on improving students’ assertive attitudes as an effort to prevent bullying.